Adolphus Armstrong

Adolphus Armstrong was born about 1789, in Province of Quebec, and died September 25, 1828, in Eramosa Twp., Wellington Co., Province of Upper Canada, at about age 39. He is the son of Edward Armstrong of Unknown, and Catherine "Caty" Unknown, of Unknown.

Charity Dopp was born 1789, in Augusta Twp., Leeds Co., Province of Quebec, and died 1832, in Eramosa Twp., Wellington Co., Province of Upper Canada, at about age 43. She is the daughter of Petrus "Peter" Dopp of Rheinbeck, Dutchess Co., Province of New York, and Deborah Farrington of Susquehanna, Susquehanna Co., Province of Pennsylvania.

Adolphus Armstrong and Charity Dopp were married March 2, 1811, in Augusta Twp., Leeds Co., Province of Upper Canada.

After Adolphus Armstrong died, Charity (Dopp) Armstrong married James H. Draper.

James H. Draper was born 1800, in Unknown, and died 1878, in Ontario, Canada ?, at about age 78. Buried in Bethel Cemetery, Kilworthy, Muskoka District Municipality, Ontario, Canada.

James H. Draper and Charity (Dopp) Armstrong, both of Eramosa Twp., Wellington Co., Province of Upper Canada, were married August 9, 1831, by Rev. Black. Witnesses: Robt Elliot, John Loree & Wm Everts (Walker & Calder).

The British Constitutional Act of 1791 officially divided the old colony of "Province of Quebec" into the primarily French-speaking "Province of Lower Canada," and the primarily English-speaking "Province of Upper Canada." Upper Canada was located upriver, closest to the source of the St. Lawrence river.

In 1841, the Act of Union officially united the two Provinces into the single Province of Canada, with the creation of Canada East and Canada West.

Ontario was known as: "Upper Canada" from December 26, 1791, to February 10, 1841; "Canada West" from February 10, 1841, to July 1, 1867; and "Ontario" after July 1, 1867.

Canada was founded on July 1, 1867. On this date, the colonies of Canada, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia linked to form the sovereign dominion of Canada in a process called confederation. At this time, Upper Canada and Lower Canada became Quebec and Ontario. Therefore the new confederation comprised of four provinces: Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, and Ontario. The confederation led to a territorial evolution leading to the incorporation of other parts of British North America into the newly formed entity of Canada to form what is today contemporary Canada. Newfoundland and Labrador was the last province to be incorporated into the confederation in 1949. For a period of many years since Confederation, Canada has undergone many territorial changes and expansions, eventually forming the current union of ten provinces and three territories.

The formation of Canada and attainment of its independence was a gradual process. Despite the existence of a responsible government in Canada, the United Kingdom continued to claim sovereignty over the land until the end of the World War I. The 1931 passing of the statute of Westminster recognized Canada as equal with the United Kingdom but the country was denied the power to amend its constitution. Dependence on the British parliament in Canada was removed in 1982 after patriation of the constitution. Canada is a federal parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth II being the head of state.

Edward Armstrong of Elizabethtown Twp., Leeds Co., Upper Canada, was an U. E. Loyalist, and was imprisoned by the Rebels in Albany, in 1777, on account of his loyalty, and remained a prisoner there until the Treaty of Separation in 1783, when he was liberated. Edward Armstrong came to Canada in 1784, and chose his residence in Elizabethtown Twp., Leeds Co., Upper Canada. He died in Elizabethtown Twp., Leeds Co., Upper Canada, in 1795, which was before the formation of the U. E. List. On June 26, 1807, at York, Ontario, Upper Canada, Edward Armstrong Jr., requested that his father, Edward Armstrong, be placed on the List of U. E. Loyalists.

On September 24, 1784, Edward Armstrong, his wife, and three children were entitled, through a drawing, to three hundred acres of land, in Lot No. 17, 2nd Concession, North.

Adolphus Armstrong was born about 1789, in the Province of Quebec.

Charity Dopp was born 1789, in Augusta Twp., Leeds Co., Province of Quebec.

Adolphus Armstrong is the son of Edward and Catherine Armstrong, Loyalists who settled in Elizabethtown Twp., Leeds Co. Ontario. Adolphus Armstrong petitioned for land as the son of a United Empire Loyalist on November 13, 1810. His father was already deceased. Adolphus Armstrong had attained the full age of 21 years and swore an oath of allegiance on September 12, 1810. He was granted 200 acres in Lot 9, Concession 5, Eramosa Twp., Wellington Co., Province of Upper Canada. Adolphus Armstrong received a Land Patent on the land on October 1, 1824.

Both Adolphus (No. 7) and John (No. 8 ) also apply for 200 acres of land because they are sons of Edward Armstrong, Sr. on 13 Nov 1810. They are "supposed to be" at least age 21 in 1810, which means both were born on/before 1789 to sign the Loyalist agreement.

Adolphus Armstrong and Charity Dopp were married March 2, 1811, in Augusta Twp., Leeds Co., Province of Upper Canada.

In February, 1812, Charity Dopp Petitions for land in Augusta Twp., Eastern District, Upper Canada, as the daughter of Peter Dopp, UE, and the wife of Adolphus Armstrong (Upper Canada Land Petitions C-1610 p.218 v.5 Bundle A 10/17).

John later gives the land to his beloved brother Edward, Jr. sometime after his father dies in 1795 in 7a of which you have placed on your website.

Edward, Jr. signs the Loyalist agreement in 26 Jun 1807 for 200 acres and is a Blacksmith in Niagara, in the District of Niagara.

Adolphus Armstrong first appears on the assessment in the spring of 1826. In 1827 only 4 acres are cleared, and 2 more in 1828.

On August 16, 1828, Charity (Dopp) Armstrong sold her land in Eramosa Twp., Wellington Co., Province of Upper Canada.

Adolphus Armstrong died September 25, 1828, in Eramosa, Wellington Co., Province of Upper Canada, at about age 39.

In the probate for the estate of Adolphus Armstrong, two death dates are given: 1828 and 1829. It is likely 1828, since between 1828 and 1829, the assessment roll changes from Adolphus to Charity Armstrong.

Re: Adophus's estate; Suit of Stilman Smith says Charity remarried 'August last' to James Draper, 'a man of dissipated habits'; papers of administration of the estate granted to Charity's brother-in-law, Stilman Smith in trust for her eldest son David.

The petition of Stilman Smith says Adolphus Armstrong died September 25, 1828, or September 25, 1829, and left a widow Charity, children Catherine, David (oldest son), Tamson, James, (ON Surrogate Court Wentworth Co. Probate Records 1312205 File 150 Adolphus Armstrong.

James Draper and Charity (Dopp) Armstrong, both of Eramosa, Wellington Co., Province of Upper Canada, were married August 9, 1831, by Rev. Black. Witnesses: Robt Elliot, John Loree & Wm Everts (Walker & Calder. Marriage Registers of Upper Canada v. 9 pt. 1 Wellington Co. 115).

Emeline A. "Emma" Draper was born April 4, 1832, in Goodwood, Uxbridge Co., Province of Upper Canada.

Charity (Dopp) (Armstrong) Draper died 1832, in Goodwood, Uxbridge Co., Province of Upper Canada, at about age 43.

David Armstrong sells the land Adolphus Armstrong (son of UE Loyalist, Edward Armstrong) receives from the government on March 8, 1838. Concession 5; Lot 9.

James Adolphus Armstrong and Cynthia Miller were married Sunday, July 4, 1841, at the house of Abner Stephens, Justice of the Peace, Lenox Twp., Macomb Co., MI.

Thomas Dickerson (age 18), a Laborer, enlisted May 25, 1842, at Syracuse, NY, Deserted August 4, 1843, and Court Marshaled February 26, 1844, at Buffalo Barracks, NY.

The 1850 U. S. Census taken on August 30, 1850, shows Martin J. Scott (age 26) born in New York to New York-born parents, and with Real Estate of $325 is a married Farmer, and is living in the Town of Huron, Wayne Co., NY. Living with him are: Rachael Scott (age 25) born in Canada; Carver Scott (age 4) born in New York; Wm. C. Scott (age 1) born in New York; Amanda Dickerson (age 16) born in New York; and Thomas Dickerson (age 27) born in Canada, a Sailor. Leigh Larson note: Amanda Malvina Dickerson Married (1) November 7, 1852, in Fox Twp., Sullivan Co., PA, to Lewis Henry Shadduck, and had two children. Lewis died at General Hospital, Hampton, VA, due to Typhoid Fever. Buried in Hampton National Cemetery, Hampton, VA. Malvina Married (2) October 19, 1884, in Bradford, McKean Co., PA, to Joseph Clark: Born August 15, 1825, in Ireland; Died September 22, 1899, in Sylvania, Bradford Co., PA. Buried in Hillside Cemetery, Big Pond, Bradford Co., PA. In 1920, Amanda was living with her son in Canton, Bradford Co., PA. She was age 85 and had a nurse attending her. Amanda died February 13, 1920, in Alba, Bradford Co., PA (age 74). Buried in Hillside Cemetery, Big Pond, Bradford Co., PA.

Thomas Dickerson (age 34), a Fisherman, enlisted for a term of 3 years, August 14, at Oswego, NY, as a Private in Company I, 110th Regiment Infantry of the New York State Volunteers, and was Mustered out due to Desertion on September 24, 1863, at Elmira, NY.

Mrs. Joseph Clark died February 13, at the home of her son John Shadduck, at Alba, aged eighty-five. In 1852 she married Lewis Shadduck and was the mother of two children, Ervin and John. In addition to these she raised two other children, Lewis and Minerva Wheeler. Mr. Shadduck enlisted in 1862 in Company B, 58th Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers, and died in service, January 3, 1863. In October, 1884, she married Joseph Clark, who died a number of years ago. She is survived by the sons and foster children mentioned, and a number of grandchildren. The funeral was held Monday afternoon from her son's home, Rev. W. H. Porter officiating. Interment was made in the cemetery at Sylvania.

Article found in J. B. Shadduck's Bible - 1920 Submitted by Linda Ludwig Mutzer.

Cynthia (Miller) Armstrong died November 11, 1863, in Michigan at age 39 Years, 1 Month and 1 Day. Buried in Richmond Cemetery, Richmond, Macomb Co., MI.

The 1870 U. S. Census taken on August 14, 1870, shows Adam Scott (age 57) born in Canada West, and with a father and mother of foreign birth, and with Real Estate of $500 and Personal Estate of $300 is a Shoemaker, and is living in the Town of Bridgeton, Newaygo Co., MI. Living with him are: Phebe Scott (age 45) born in Canada West, and with a father and mother of foreign birth, who does Housekeeping; Walter Scott (age 23) born in Michigan, and with a father and mother of foreign birth, a Farm Laborer; Harriet Scott (age 18) born in Michigan, and with a father and mother of foreign birth, a Domestic; Rhoda Scott (age 14) born in Michigan, and with a father and mother of foreign birth, a Domestic; Fred Scott (age 10) born in Michigan, and with a father and mother of foreign birth; and Medora E. Scott (age 3) born in Michigan, and with a father and mother of foreign birth.

Adam Bowman Scott died February 27, 1872, in Bridgeton, Newaygo Co., MI, at age 58. Buried in Bridgeton Township Cemetery, Bridgeton, Newaygo Co., MI.

Thomas Dickerson and Phebe Maria (Armstrong) Scott were married January 26, 1875, in East Saginaw, Saginaw Co., MI.

Thomas Dickerson and Phebe Maria (Armstrong) (Scott) Dickerson were divorced before 1880, in Michigan. Phebe then assumed her previously married last name of Scott.

The 1880 U. S. Census taken on June 16, 1880, shows Phebe M. Scott (age 55) born in Canada to Canada-born parents, is a widowed or Divorced Head of Household, who is Keeping House, and is living in the Village of Holton, Muskegon Co., MI. Living with her are: her unmarried son, Fred Scott (age 17) born in Canada to Canada-born parents, who Works at a Lumber Mill; and her unmarried daughter, Dora Scott (age 13) born in Michigan to Canada-born parents.

The 1880 U. S. Census taken on June 3, 1880, shows Martin J. Scott (age 57) born in New York to New York-born parents, is a married Farmer, and is living in Davison, Genesee Co., MI. Living with him are: his wife, Rachel E. Scott (age 55) born in Canada to Massachusetts and New York-born parents, and who cannot read or write, who Keeps House; his unmarried daughter, Mary Scott (age 16) born in New York to New York and Canada-born parents, and who cannot read or write; his unmarried daughter, Calista Scott (age 14) born in New York to New York and Canada-born parents, and who cannot read or write; and a divorced Boarder, Thos. Dickerson (age 50) born in Canada to Ireland-born parents, a Boarder.

James Adolphus Armstrong and Anna (McCloud) McGinnis were married March 29, 1887, in East Saginaw, Saginaw Co., MI.

Phebe Maria (Armstrong) (Scott) Dickerson died March 26, 1903, in Muskegon, Muskegon Co., MI, at age 77. Buried in Holton Cemetery, Holton, Muskegon Co., MI.

Amanda Malvina (Dickerson) Shadduck) Clark died February 13, 1920, in Alba, Bradford Co., PA, at age 85. Buried in Hillside Cemetery, Big Pond, Bradford Co., PA..

The History Of Upper And Lower Canada

Upper and Lower Canada were formed by the Constitutional Act of 1791 in response to the wave of United Empire Loyalists moving north from the United States into the French-speaking province of Quebec following the American Revolution (1765-1783). The result was the division of the old Province of Quebec into two colonies, Lower Canada to the east and Upper Canada to the West, each with their provincial legislatures. While Lower Canada retained the seigneurial system, language, and religious institutions of Quebec, Upper Canada developed on a model of British society.

In the wake of the American Revolution, United Empire Loyalists fled northwards to the Province of Quebec, followed by other English-speaking settlers. By 1790 the influx of new settlers numbered about 10,000. The territories they settled were already occupied by Indigenous peoples, including the Wendat, Tionontatehronnon, and Algonquin. The Loyalists, guided by Sir Frederick Haldimand, settled primarily along the St. Lawrence River in the area of Kingston, along the shores of Lake Ontario by the Bay of Quinte, and around the Niagara Peninsula. While Quebec had been established as a British colony with the Treaty of Paris (1763) and the Royal Proclamation of 1763, the majority of the population remained French-speaking. The English settlers, however, brought with them their own political and religious ideals, and tensions soon arose between the two groups. One key issue was that of land ownership. The Province of Quebec had established a seigneurial system that awarded parcels of land to nobles and religious communities, who then allotted pieces of the land to tenants in return for farming the land. Used to the freedoms they had held in the Thirteen Colonies, the new settlers wanted instead to own their lands in their own right. Similarly, they pushed for representative government, a British system of parliament, and British civil law. Religion was another point of tension. While the Roman Catholic Church was the established Church in Quebec, the new settlers looked to establish their Protestant Church.

In the years prior to the division of Quebec into the Canadas, Britain had hopes that floods of English settlers would anglicize Quebec. Prior to the Loyalist wave, the floods did not materialize. The Quebec Act of 1774 had restored the Catholic Church in Quebec, and the old French civil law, reversing the Royal Proclamation of 1763. The Canadiens were not ready to give up their recently restored privileges.

The solution arrived at was the division of Quebec. The British Constitutional Act of 1791 officially divided Quebec into the primarily French-speaking Province of Lower Canada, and the primarily English-speaking Province of Upper Canada. Each province established its own government, with an appointed lieutenant-governor, executive council, legislative council, and elected representative assembly. While Lower Canada retained the seigneurial system, language, and religious institutions of Quebec, John Graves Simcoe, the first lieutenant-governor of Upper Canada, was determined that the new province would be a model of British society.

Defining “Upper” and “Lower”

The territory of Lower Canada extended west from the Ottawa River to the Great Lakes, south of Rupert's Land. Lower Canada extended east from the Ottawa River to the mouth of the St. Lawrence River, including what is now Labrador.

The terms “upper” and “lower” refer to the relative location of each province along the St. Lawrence River, which hints at the importance of rivers as highways for travel in the period. Upper Canada was located nearest the source of the St. Lawrence, “upriver”. In contrast, Lower Canada was closest to the mouth of the St. Lawrence, “downriver” (traveling with the current).

Upper Canada

With the establishment of Upper Canada, the seigneurial system of Quebec was abolished in favor of British freehold land tenure. Established as the official Church of the province, the Anglican Church received preferential treatment, for instance being granted large tracts of land as clergy reserves, "for the support and maintenance of a Protestant Clergy.”

Simcoe established British civil law and trial by jury, established the provincial capital at York (Toronto), and left a legacy of road building and town planning. Promises of free land drew more immigrants to the province. By 1811, the population of new settlers was almost 90,000.

In the early nineteenth-century, control of the province fell to the “Family Compact,” a small Conservative group, loyal to the British Crown. They were chosen from the friends of the lieutenant-governor and appointed to prominent roles within the government. The Family Compact was known for its corruption, granting government positions in return for favors of financial or political support, and preferential treatment of friends and supporters. But they were also “progressive industrialists,” promoting building programs and public works. But their aggressive hold on power, confined to a select elite few, fed political tension.

The War of 1812 was a defining moment for Upper Canada, which generated patriotic myths and heroic figures such as Laura Secord, Sir Isaac Brock, and Tecumseh. The war also strengthened ties with Britain, and immigrants flowed from Britain into Upper Canada in place of the American immigrants whom the war had halted.

As Upper Canada grew, it struggled economically, and by the 1820s had fallen into chronic debt. The province also lacked in infrastructures such as schools, hospitals, and local government. The government’s failings and corruption all contributed to the 1837-1838 rebellion. Early attempts to push through political reform, led by those such as Robert Baldwin, were moderate and unsuccessful. William Lyon Mackenzie took charge of the reformers in 1837 and left them into armed revolt against the government. The rebellion was defeated, but reform would follow.

Lower Canada

The Act of 1791 did not put an end to tensions in what was now, Lower Canada. While the majority of the population remained French-speaking, the British imposed English as the official language. The House of Assembly was divided between the English-speaking Tory Party, and the French-speaking Canadian Party, the House majority. Similarly, two political papers, The Quebec Mercury and Le Canadien voiced the interests of the English merchants and the Canadiens, respectively. Gradually, English began to take over as the language of business; by 1831, 45% of Quebec City’s population was English-speaking, and by 1842 they made up 61% of Montreal’s population.

Lower Canada appeared to thrive as the population boomed, growing from 110,000 in 1784 to 330,000 in 1812. Fur trade and commercial agriculture continued to dominate the economy. The timber trade grew rapidly after 1806 as demand rose, in part to meet the needs for shipbuilding. By 1832, however, the economy was in crisis. The declining price of furs and wheat resulted in a sharp decline in production, and many farmers were reduced to subsistence farming. The Province fell into chronic deficit importing wheat from Upper Canada. By the early nineteenth century, overpopulation had led to land scarcity and an increasing rural population, fueled in part by British immigrants, which contributed to class struggle.

These events and conflicts helped to fan the growing nationalism sentiments which came to a head in the Patriot insurrection of 1837-1838. The subsidy crisis, attributed to the “château clique”, the problem of customs duties between Upper and Lower Canada, and rising ethnic tensions all added fuel to the fire. Tensions boiled over in 1837 and rebellion broke out, “Patriots” taking up arms against the English army. Poor organization proved fatal to the rebellion, and the English response was swift and decisive. In response to the rebellion, Sir John Colborne appointed a special council to govern Lower Canada in place of the House Assembly until 1841.

The Act Of Union

In 1838, Lord Durham, sent to report on the rebellions in Upper and Lower Canada, condemned the “political cliques”, the Family Compact and château clique”. He advocated for the establishment of responsible government and the amalgamation of Canadas into a single Union, as well as the assimilation of the French Canadiens. In 1841, the Act of Union officially united the two Canadas into the single Province of Canada.

Parents--
Enos Scott (Enos1)
and
Christine Bowman Scott

Marriage--
On 22 Apr 1833, Rev. Samuel Baker (Minister Regular Baptist Church of Malahide, Elgin, Ontario, Canada) performed wedding of
GROOM--Adam Bowman Scott (resident of Southwold, Elgin, Ontario, Canada, age 20)
and
BRIDE--Tamson Delila/Deliliah Armstrong Strong (resident of Yarmouth, Elgin, Ontario, Canada, age 18).
Witnesses--Jacob Scott (older brother of groom) and Anson D. Simons.

Children of this marriage (list work in process)--
Elijah D Scott 1833-1897

-----

LIFE and TIMES--
The Bowman family (from mother Christine Bowman Scott's lineage) were English "Loyalists" who fled the Tunkhannock, Pennsylvania area in the winter of 1777/78 and found refuge in Niagara, Canada. They were fighting members of "Butler's Rangers" (Captain Walter Butler's Company of Rangers; Kings Royal Rangers of New York K.R.R.N.Y). Enos Scott (Enos1) and his son Adam Bowman Scott and Jobe W Scott were captured by American "Patriots". (more details on this later.dht)

James H. Draper and Charity (Dopp) Armstrong, both of Eramosa Twp., Wellington Co., Province of Upper Canada, were married August 9, 1831, by Rev. Black. Witnesses: Robt Elliot, John Loree & Wm Everts (Walker & Calder).

James Draper and Charity (Dopp) Armstrong, both of Eramosa, Wellington Co., Province of Upper Canada, were married August 9, 1831, by Rev. Black. Witnesses: Robt Elliot, John Loree & Wm Everts (Walker & Calder. Marriage Registers of Upper Canada v. 9 pt. 1 Wellington Co. 115).

Emeline A. "Emma" Draper was born April 4, 1832, in Goodwood, Uxbridge Co., Province of Upper Canada.

James Adolphus Armstrong and Cynthia Miller were married Sunday, July 4, 1841, at the house of Abner Stephens, Justice of the Peace, Lenox Twp., Macomb Co., MI.

The History Of Upper And Lower Canada

Defining “Upper” and “Lower”

Upper Canada

Lower Canada

The Act Of Union